Haryana Board (HBSE) Class 12 IT Question Paper 2024 with a fully solved answer key. Students can use this HBSE Class 12 Information Technology Solved Paper to match their responses and understand the question pattern. This BSEH IT Answer Key 2024 is based on the latest syllabus and exam format to support accurate preparation and revision for the board exams.
HBSE Class 12 Information Technology (IT) Question Paper 2024 Answer Key
1. Explain process of management.
Answer – The process of management is a series of interrelated functions performed to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently.
• Process of Management :
(i) Planning – Management first sets objectives and decides how to achieve them. It includes forecasting future needs, setting goals, and choosing the best course of action.
(ii) Organizing – After planning, resources like manpower, machinery, and materials are arranged. Tasks are assigned, departments are created, and authority is distributed to support execution.
(iii) Staffing – The organization hires the right employees and develops their skills through training. This ensures that qualified people are available to perform assigned duties.
(iv) Directing (Leading) – Managers guide, motivate, supervise, and communicate with employees. This ensures employees work with dedication and efficiency towards achieving organizational goals.
(v) Controlling – Performance is measured and compared with planned targets. Deviations are identified, and corrective actions are taken to ensure goals are achieved successfully.
OR
Explain components of ERP.
Answer – Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a system that integrates different functions of an organization into a single unified platform to improve efficiency and decision-making.
• The major components of ERP are :
(i) Human Resource Management (HRM) – This component manages employee-related functions like recruitment, attendance, payroll, performance evaluation, and training. It ensures smooth handling of workforce activities.
(ii) Financial Management – It handles accounting, budgeting, billing, payments, and financial reporting. This component helps maintain accurate financial records and supports better budgeting and cost control.
(iii) Supply Chain Management (SCM) – SCM manages the flow of goods and information from suppliers to customers. It includes procurement, warehousing, logistics, and distribution to ensure timely delivery and inventory control.
(iv) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) – CRM focuses on managing customer data, handling customer queries, improving customer service, and supporting sales and marketing activities. It helps in maintaining strong customer relationships and improving customer satisfaction.
(v) Inventory & Production Management – This component tracks inventory levels, raw materials, production schedules, and product delivery. It ensures that resources are used efficiently and production targets are met without delays.
2. Explain process of procurement.
Answer – Procurement is the structured process through which an organization purchases goods and services in a cost-effective and timely manner. It ensures the right quality, quantity, price, and supplier selection for smooth business operations.
• Process of procurement :
(i) Requirement Identification – The process begins when a department identifies its need and prepares a purchase requisition mentioning product details, quantity, and purpose. This helps in planning procurement as per organizational demand.
(ii) Supplier Search & Quotation Collection – Potential suppliers are identified and contacted. Quotations (price bids) are collected from multiple vendors to compare cost, quality standards, delivery schedule, and service terms.
(iii) Evaluation & Supplier Selection – All quotations are evaluated based on pricing, reliability, product quality, past performance, and delivery capability. Negotiation may be done before finalizing the best vendor to ensure value for money.
(iv) Purchase Order Placement – A formal Purchase Order (PO) is issued to the selected supplier. It includes specifications, quantity, price, delivery timeline, terms & conditions, and payment method. This acts as a legally binding document.
(v) Delivery, Inspection & Payment – Goods are received and checked for correctness, quantity, and quality as per order. After verification and GRN (Goods Receipt Note), the supplier invoice is approved and payment is released. Records are updated for inventory control.
OR
Explain type of services rendered by BPO.
Answer – Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) refers to contracting specific business tasks to external service providers to reduce cost and improve efficiency. BPO offers a wide range of services that support both front-office and back-office functions of an organization.
• Type of services rendered by BPO :
(i) Customer Support Services – BPO provides call center and help-desk services to handle customer queries, complaints, and product information. It improves customer satisfaction and brand reputation.
(ii) Technical Support Services – These services assist customers in resolving technical issues related to software, hardware, internet services, or electronic devices. Support is offered through phone, chat, or email to ensure smooth functioning of products.
(iii) Data Entry and Processing Services – BPO companies perform data entry, data conversion, form processing, and data verification tasks. This helps organizations maintain accurate and updated records efficiently.
(iv) Finance and Accounting Services – Services include billing, bookkeeping, payroll processing, invoice management, account reconciliation, and financial reporting. It helps companies manage accounts with accuracy and transparency.
(v) Telemarketing and Sales Support – BPO firms conduct outbound calls for product promotion, lead generation, customer feedback, and sales campaigns. These services assist companies in increasing market reach and revenue.
3. Explain basic principles of learning.
Answer – Learning is guided by certain principles that make the process effective, meaningful, and long-lasting.
• The key principles are :
(i) Principle of Readiness – Learning is most effective when the learner is mentally, physically, and emotionally prepared. A motivated and willing learner grasps concepts faster and retains them longer.
(ii) Principle of Exercise (Practice) – Regular practice and repetition strengthen learning. Repeated use of knowledge and skills improves memory, accuracy, and overall performance.
(iii) Principle of Effect (Satisfaction) – Learning is reinforced when it leads to satisfaction or positive outcomes. Pleasant experiences, rewards, or recognition encourage the learner to repeat and retain knowledge.
(iv) Principle of Primacy and Recency – The first (primacy) and most recent (recency) information are remembered better than the material learned in between. This highlights the importance of structured teaching and revision.
(v) Principle of Intensity – Learning becomes stronger and more lasting when experiences are vivid, meaningful, and interesting. Intense or real-life experiences leave a stronger impression on memory.
OR
Write note on importance of learning.
Answer – Learning is not just the accumulation of facts; it is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes that help individuals grow personally, professionally, and socially.
• Importance of learning :
(i) Personal Growth and Development – Learning helps individuals realize their full potential, enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, and builds self-confidence and a sense of purpose.
(ii) Adaptation to Change – In a fast-changing world, continuous learning enables individuals to acquire new skills, stay updated with technology, and remain flexible and resilient in personal and professional life.
(iii) Professional Success and Career Advancement – Learning improves employability, keeps individuals competitive, and opens opportunities for promotions, higher responsibilities, and career growth.
(iv) Innovation and Societal Progress – Learning drives innovation and creativity. Scientific discoveries, technological developments, and social improvements result from the continuous pursuit of knowledge, benefiting society as a whole.
(v) Improved Quality of Life – Learning enriches daily life by encouraging new hobbies, interests, and mental engagement. It stimulates the mind, promotes lifelong curiosity, and contributes to overall well-being.
4. Explain any two factors affecting learning.
Answer – Two important factors affecting learning :
• Motivation – Motivation is the internal drive that encourages a learner to engage in learning activities. A highly motivated student shows more interest, pays better attention, and makes consistent efforts, which enhances understanding and retention of knowledge. Without motivation, learning becomes slow and ineffective.
• Environment – The learning environment includes both physical and social surroundings, such as classroom setting, availability of resources, teacher support, and peer influence. A positive, well-organized, and resourceful environment promotes concentration, curiosity, and active participation, thereby improving learning outcomes.
5. Write note on types of knowledge.
Answer – Types of knowledge :
• Declarative Knowledge (Know-What) – This is factual knowledge that can be stated or described. It includes facts, concepts, principles, rules, and theories. For example, knowing the definition of a database, the syntax of a Python loop, or a network formula.
• Procedural Knowledge (Know-How) – This is skill-based knowledge about how to perform tasks. It is learned through practice and experience. For example, knowing how to write a C++ function, troubleshoot a network problem, or use payroll software.
OR
Differentiate between knowledge and skill.
Answer – Difference between knowledge and Skill :
• Knowledge – Knowledge is the understanding of facts, concepts, principles, and information. It represents what a person knows about a subject or process. For example, knowing the syntax of a programming language or the rules of a system.
• Skill – Skill is the practical ability to apply knowledge effectively in real situations. It enables a person to perform tasks efficiently and accurately. For example, writing a program, solving a problem, or using a tool correctly.
6. How a person can become result oriented?
Answer – A person becomes result-oriented by clearly defining goals and working consistently to achieve them with focus and determination. It requires setting realistic objectives, prioritizing tasks, managing time efficiently, and staying disciplined and motivated. Regularly evaluating progress, learning from mistakes, and taking responsibility for actions ensures that efforts are productive and lead to tangible results.
7. Write characteristics of management.
Answer – Management is a systematic process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently. It is goal-oriented, universal, and continuous, involving the coordination, guidance, and motivation of people to work together effectively. Being dynamic, it adapts to changing conditions, technologies, and environments, ensuring the smooth functioning and long-term success of any organization.
8. What are benefits of payroll management software?
Answer – Payroll management software helps organizations manage employee salaries, deductions, and taxes accurately and efficiently. It saves time by automating calculations, reduces errors, and ensures compliance with legal and tax regulations. Additionally, it provides easy access to payroll records, generates reports quickly, and improves overall transparency and employee satisfaction.
OR
Write tips for call centre quality assurance.
Answer – To ensure high-quality service in a call centre, it is important to regularly monitor and evaluate calls for accuracy, professionalism, and customer satisfaction. Staff should be trained continuously to improve communication, problem-solving, and product knowledge. Setting clear performance standards, providing constructive feedback, and using quality metrics help maintain consistency, improve performance, and enhance overall service efficiency.
9. What are benefits of BPO?
Answer – Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) helps organizations lower operational costs by delegating non-core tasks to specialized service providers. It enables companies to focus on their core activities, enhance efficiency, and leverage skilled professionals along with advanced technology. BPO also ensures faster turnaround times, improves customer service, and provides greater flexibility and scalability for business growth.
10. What are advantages of business processes?
Answer – The advantages of business processes include better efficiency, lower costs, improved accuracy, and higher satisfaction for both customers and employees. They also provide more transparency, increase flexibility and growth, ensure proper compliance, and make operations smoother by standardizing tasks and reducing unnecessary work.
OR
What is call centre quality assurance?
Answer – Call centre quality assurance is the process of monitoring and evaluating calls and interactions to ensure that customer service meets set standards. It helps improve employee performance, maintain consistency, and enhance overall customer satisfaction.
11. Explain types of ERP.
Answer – Types of ERP :
• On-Premise ERP – Installed locally on a company’s own computers and managed internally.
• Cloud-Based ERP – Hosted on the vendor’s servers and accessed via the internet, offering flexibility and lower costs.
• Hybrid ERP – Combines features of both on-premise and cloud solutions, allowing organizations to use the benefits of both.
12. What are disadvantages of ERP?
Answer – ERP systems have a high cost of implementation and are often complex and time-consuming to set up. Employees may resist changes, and the system requires continuous maintenance to function effectively.
OR
Define management.
Answer – Management is the process of coordinating and overseeing people and resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively through the key functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
13. What is logical learning style?
Answer – Logical learning is a style in which a person uses reasoning, identifies patterns, and follows a systematic approach to understand information. Individuals with this style enjoy analyzing problems and applying logical thinking to make decisions effectively.
14. What is interpersonal logical style?
Answer – Interpersonal logical style is a way of learning in which a person combines logical reasoning with social interaction. Individuals with this style understand concepts better by analyzing information, solving problems, and discussing ideas with others.
15. What are benefits of green job?
Answer – Green jobs promote sustainable development by protecting the environment and conserving natural resources. They create employment opportunities, reduce pollution, encourage the use of renewable energy, and support healthier communities while contributing to long-term economic growth.
16. Full form of CNG is …………..
Answer – Compressed Natural Gas
17. Self management is also called ………….
Answer – self-control (self-regulation)
18. ………….. is arrangement of cells in vertical manner.
Answer – Column
19. Full form of ERP is ………….
Answer – Enterprise Resource Planning
20. Full form of SCM is ………..
Answer – Supply Chain Management
21. There are ………….. components of ERP.
(A) 3
(B) 5
(C) 2
(D) 4
Answer – (B) 5
22. A pronoun is a word used in place of …………
(A) Verb
(B) Adjective
(C) Noun
(D) None
Answer – (C) Noun
23. There are ………….. stages of active listening.
(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 6
(D) 5
Answer – (D) 5
24. Gusto is a ………….. management solution.
Answer – payroll
25. Full form of BPO is …………
Answer – Business Process Outsourcing
26. People who express themselves by writing or speaking are called …………… learners.
Answer – verbal (linguistic)
27. A …………… is a general idea, universal in character.
Answer – concept
28. Communication is a ……………. way process.
Answer – two way
29. ………….. novels are stories that are beyond imagination.
Answer – Fantasy
30. Personal computers come under electronic media. (True / False)
Answer – True